Ngokuchasene notshintsho lwamandla ehlabathi kunye neenjongo "ze-dual-carbon", itekhnoloji yebhetri, njengesixhobo esiphambili sokugcina amandla, ifumene ingqwalasela enkulu. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iibhetri ze-sodium-ion (ii-SIB) ziye zavela kwiilabhoratri zaya kwimizi-mveliso, zaba sisisombululo sokugcina amandla esilindelwe kakhulu emva kweebhetri ze-lithium-ion.
Ulwazi oluSisiseko malunga neeBhetri zeSodium-ion
Iibhetri zeSodium-ion luhlobo lwebhetri yesibini (enokutshajwa kwakhona) esebenzisa ii-ion zeSodium (Na⁺) njengezithwali zokutshaja. Umgaqo wazo wokusebenza ufana noweebhetri zeLithium-ion: ngexesha lokutshaja nokukhupha, ii-ion zeSodium zithutha phakathi kweCathode kunye neAnode ngeElectrolyte, nto leyo evumela ukugcinwa nokukhululwa kwamandla.
·Izixhobo ezingundoqo: I-cathode idla ngokusebenzisa ii-oxides ezifakwe iileya, ii-polyanionic compounds, okanye ii-Prussian blue analogs; i-anode yenziwe kakhulu yi-hard carbon okanye i-soft carbon; i-electrolyte sisisombululo setyuwa yesodium.
·Ukukhula kobuChwephesheUphando lwaqala ngeminyaka yoo-1980, kwaye uphuhliso lwakutshanje kwizixhobo neenkqubo luye lwaphucula kakhulu uxinano lwamandla kunye nobomi bomjikelo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba urhwebo lube lula ngakumbi.
Iibhetri zeSodium-ion vs. Iibhetri zeLithium-ion: Umahluko oPhambili kunye neeNzuzo
Nangona iibhetri ze-sodium-ion zabelana ngesakhiwo esifanayo neebhetri ze-lithium-ion, zahlukile kakhulu kwiimpawu zezinto kunye neemeko zokusetyenziswa:
| Umlinganiselo wokuthelekisa | Iibhetri zeSodium-ion | Iibhetri zeLithium-ion |
| Ubuninzi beZixhobo | I-sodium ininzi (2.75% kuqweqwe loMhlaba) kwaye isasazeke kakhulu | I-lithium ayifumaneki kangako (0.0065%) kwaye igxile kakhulu kwindawo ethile |
| Ixabiso | Iindleko eziphantsi zezinto eziluhlaza, uthotho lokubonelela oluzinzileyo | Ukuguquguquka kwamaxabiso aphezulu kwi-lithium, i-cobalt, nezinye izinto, kuxhomekeke ekungenisweni kwamanye amazwe |
| Ubuninzi bamandla | Ezantsi (120-160 Wh/kg) | Phezulu (200-300 Wh/kg) |
| Ukusebenza kobushushu obuphantsi | Ukugcinwa komthamo >80% kwi -20℃ | Ukusebenza kakubi kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi, amandla ayo aphela lula |
| ukhuseleko | Uzinzo oluphezulu lobushushu, olumelana ngakumbi nokutshaja/ukukhupha amanzi amaninzi | Ifuna ulawulo olungqongqo lweengozi zokubaleka kobushushu |
Iingenelo Eziphambili Zeebhetri ZeSodium-ion:
1.Ixabiso eliphantsi kunye nokuzinza kwezixhobo: Isodiyam ifumaneka kakhulu emanzini olwandle nakwiiminerali, inciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwiisinyithi ezinqabileyo kwaye inciphisa iindleko zexesha elide ngama-30%-40%.
2. Ukhuseleko Oluphezulu Nobuhlobo Kwindalo Esingqongileyo: Ayinangcoliseko lwesinyithi esinzima, iyahambelana neenkqubo ze-electrolyte ezikhuselekileyo, kwaye ifanelekile ukugcina amandla amakhulu.
3. Ukuguquguquka koLuhlu lobushushu olubanzi: Ukusebenza kakuhle kakhulu kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphantsi, ilungele iindawo ezibandayo okanye iinkqubo zokugcina amandla zangaphandle.
Amathuba okusetyenziswa kweebhetri zeSodium-ion
Ngokuhambela phambili kwetekhnoloji, iibhetri ze-sodium-ion zibonisa amandla amakhulu kwezi ndawo zilandelayo:
1. Iinkqubo zokugcina amandla amakhulu (i-ESS):
Njengesisombululo esincedisayo samandla omoya kunye nelanga, ixabiso eliphantsi kunye nobomi obude beebhetri ze-sodium-ion zinokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ixabiso elilinganiselweyo lombane (i-LCOE) kwaye zixhase ukucheba kwegridi.
2. Izithuthi zombane ezinesantya esiphantsi kunye neemoto ezinamavili amabini:
Kwiimeko apho kukho iimfuno eziphantsi zoxinano lwamandla (umz., iibhayisekile zombane, izithuthi zothutho), iibhetri zesodium-ion zinokuthatha indawo yeebhetri ze-lead-acid, zibonelela ngeenzuzo zokusingqongileyo kunye nezoqoqosho.
3. Ugcino lwamandla oluyi-Backup Power kunye ne-Base Station Energy Storage:
Ukusebenza kwazo kububanzi bobushushu kuzenza zilungele iimfuno zamandla okuxhasa ubushushu kwizicelo ezibuthathaka kubushushu ezifana nezikhululo zonxibelelwano kunye namaziko edatha.
Iindlela zoPhuhliso lweXesha elizayo
Uqikelelo lweshishini luqikelela ukuba imakethi yebhetri ye-sodium-ion yehlabathi iya kudlula i-$5 yeebhiliyoni ngo-2025 kwaye ifikelele kwi-10%-15% yemakethi yebhetri ye-lithium-ion ngo-2030. Imiyalelo yophuhliso lwexesha elizayo ibandakanya:
·Uyilo lwezinto ezintsha: Ukuphuhlisa ii-cathode ezinomthamo ophezulu (umz., ii-oxides ezifakwe ungqimba lwe-O3) kunye nezixhobo ze-anode ezihlala ixesha elide ukuze kwandiswe uxinano lwamandla ngaphezu kwe-200 Wh/kg.
·Ukuphuculwa kwenkqubo: Ukusebenzisa imigca yokuvelisa iibhetri ze-lithium-ion ezivuthiweyo ukwandisa ukwenziwa kweebhetri ze-sodium-ion kunye nokunciphisa iindleko ngakumbi.
·Ulwandiso lweSicelo: Ukuncedisa iibhetri ze-lithium-ion ukwakha ipotifoliyo yetekhnoloji yokugcina amandla eyahlukeneyo.
Isiphelo
Ukunyuka kweebhetri ze-sodium-ion akujoliswanga ekuthatheni indawo yeebhetri ze-lithium-ion kodwa kukubonelela ngenye indlela engabizi kakhulu nekhuselekileyo yokugcina amandla. Kwimeko yokungathathi cala kwekhabhoni, indlela ezisebenzisa ngayo izixhobo kunye nokuziqhelanisa nezicelo ziya kuqinisekisa indawo yazo kwindawo yokugcina amandla. Njengovulindlela kwimveliso entsha yetekhnoloji yamandla,I-DALYiza kuqhubeka nokubeka esweni uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji yebhetri ye-sodium-ion, izimisele ukubonelela ngezisombululo zamandla ezisebenzayo nezizinzileyo kubathengi bethu.
Silandele ukuze ufumane uhlaziyo oluthe kratya lobuchwepheshe obuphambili!
Ixesha leposi: Februwari-25-2025
