Iibhetri zeLithium zibe yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo entsha yamandla, zinika amandla yonke into ukusuka kwizithuthi zombane kunye neendawo zokugcina amandla ukuya kwizixhobo ze-elektroniki eziphathwayo. Sekunjalo, umngeni oqhelekileyo ojongene nabasebenzisi kwihlabathi liphela yimpembelelo ebalulekileyo yobushushu ekusebenzeni kwebhetri—ihlobo lidla ngokuzisa imiba efana nokudumba kwebhetri kunye nokuvuza, ngelixa ubusika bukhokelela ekunciphiseni kakhulu ububanzi kunye nokusebenza kakubi kokutshaja. Oku kusekelwe kubuthathaka bobushushu obuqhelekileyo beebhetri zeLithium, kunye neebhetri zeLithium Iron phosphate, enye yezona ntlobo zisetyenziswa kakhulu, ezisebenza kakuhle phakathi kwe-0°C kunye ne-40°C. Ngaphakathi kolu luhlu, iimpendulo zangaphakathi zeekhemikhali kunye nokufuduka kwee-ion zisebenza kakuhle kakhulu, ziqinisekisa ukukhutshwa kwamandla okuphezulu.
Amaqondo obushushu angaphandle kweli festile likhuselekileyo abeka umngcipheko omkhulu kwiibhetri ze-lithium. Kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu, ukuguquguquka kwe-electrolyte kunye nokubola kuyakhawuleza, kunciphisa ukuhanjiswa kwe-ion kwaye kunokubangela igesi ebangela ukudumba okanye ukuqhekeka kwebhetri. Ukongeza, ukuzinza kwesakhiwo sezinto ze-electrode kuyawohloka, okukhokelela ekulahlekelweni kwamandla okungenakuguqulwa. Okubaluleke ngakumbi, ubushushu obugqithisileyo bunokubangela ukubaleka kobushushu, impendulo yetsheyini enokubangela iziganeko zokhuseleko, nto leyo ebangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezixhobo zamandla amatsha. Amaqondo obushushu aphantsi anengxaki efanayo: ukwanda kwe-electrolyte viscosity kucothisa ukufuduka kwe-lithium ion, kuphakamisa ukumelana kwangaphakathi kunye nokunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-charge-discharge. Ukutshaja okunyanzelekileyo kwiimeko ezibandayo kunokubangela ukuba ii-lithium ion zifikelele kumphezulu we-electrode ongemhle, zenze i-lithium dendrites ezigqobhoza i-separator kwaye zibangele ii-internal short circuits, zibeke iingozi ezinkulu zokhuseleko.
Ukuze kuncitshiswe le mingcipheko ibangelwa bubushushu, iBhodi yoKhuseleko lweBhetri yeLithium, eyaziwa ngokuba yiBMS (iNkqubo yoLawulo lweBhetri), ibalulekile. Iimveliso zeBMS ezikumgangatho ophezulu zixhotyiswe ngee-sensors zobushushu ze-NTC ezichanekileyo ezihlala zijonga ubushushu bebhetri. Xa ubushushu budlula imida ekhuselekileyo, inkqubo ibangela i-alamu; kwiimeko zobushushu obukhawulezayo, isebenza ngoko nangoko amanyathelo okukhusela ukusika isekethe, ithintele umonakalo ongakumbi. I-BMS ephucukileyo ene-logic yokulawula ubushushu obuphantsi inokwenza iimeko ezifanelekileyo zokusebenza kweebhetri kwiindawo ezibandayo, ijongana ngempumelelo nemiba efana nobunzima bokutshaja obuphantsi, iqinisekise ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zobushushu.
Njengenxalenye ephambili yenkqubo yokhuseleko lwebhetri ye-lithium, i-BMS esebenza kakuhle ayigcini nje ngokukhusela ukhuseleko lokusebenza kodwa ikwandisa ubomi bebhetri, inika inkxaso ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni okuthembekileyo kwezixhobo ezintsha zamandla.
Ixesha leposi: Okthobha-23-2025
